Harris Weighs Return to Politics In a Field Remade by Her Defeat 敗選後被邊緣化 賀錦麗拚東山再起

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2025/06/06 第540期 訂閱/退訂∣看歷史報份

紐時周報精選 Harris Weighs Return to Politics In a Field Remade by Her Defeat 敗選後被邊緣化 賀錦麗拚東山再起 Supreme Court Set to Consider Birthright Ban 終止出生公民權 美最高院將口頭辯論

Harris Weighs Return to Politics In a Field Remade by Her Defeat 敗選後被邊緣化 賀錦麗拚東山再起 文/Lisa Lerer, Tyler Pager, Sha 譯/羅方妤 敗選後被邊緣化 賀錦麗拚東山再起 Five months after being driven from public office for the first time in more than two decades, former Vice President Kamala Harris, is carefully feeling her way forward. As she plots her next move, she is navigating between a president who is using his executive power to crush those he sees as his strongest adversaries and restive Democrats who want their leaders to be the picture of defiance. 美國前副總統賀錦麗從政逾20年首度無官一身輕的五個月後，正小心摸索前進方向。隨著策畫下一步，她正遊走於一名使用行政權力打壓他所認為最強對手的總統，及希望領袖展現堅決反抗形象的不安民主黨人之間。 Some of her closest allies say she is leaning against another White House run in 2028 and instead toward a campaign for governor of California in 2026. She has told people she can run for governor or president, but not both. 一些最親密的盟友表示，她傾向不參加2028年的總統大選，而是轉戰2026年加州州長選舉。她已告訴人們，她可能競選州長或總統，但不會兩者兼顧。 Harris, 60, has explored options beyond pursuing electoral office, too. She hired the Creative Artists Agency to gauge interest in speaking engagements and a potential book. She and her husband, Doug Emhoff, are weighing each new opportunity with the potential political blowback in mind. 60歲的賀錦麗探索過不競選公職的其他選項。她聘請「創新藝人經紀公司」評估外界對於邀她演說和可能出書的興趣。她和丈夫任德龍權衡每個新機會，考慮可能的政治衝擊。 One possibility: establishing an institute for policy and ideas. Brian Nelson, an adviser to Harris since she was California's attorney general, has broached the idea with several universities, including Howard and Stanford. But some allies have noted that raising money for such a center could, depending on the donors, create liabilities in future races. For the same reason, Harris has been choosy about paid speaking engagements. 成立智庫是一個可能。自賀錦麗擔任加州檢察長以來一直擔任其顧問的尼爾森，已向多間大學提出這個想法，包括霍華德和史丹福。但有些盟友已指出，為這樣一個中心籌集資金，取決於捐款人的立場，可能對未來的選戰造成負擔。出於同樣的理由，賀錦麗一直對於付費演說的邀約很挑剔。 Staying on the sidelines has allowed Harris plenty of time to consider her next move. 當個旁觀者，允許賀錦麗有充足時間考慮下一步。 Some Harris aides believe she would automatically be the front-runner in a crowded presidential primary field, thanks to her name recognition and wide network of donors and supporters. 有些賀錦麗的顧問認為，憑藉她的知名度和廣大的捐款者和支持者網絡，她將自動成為群雄並起的總統初選戰場領先者。 Others close to Harris believe she would effectively glide to the California governor's mansion when the seat opens up next year. 和賀錦麗親近的人士認為，加州州長席位明年出缺時，她將輕鬆入主州長官邸。 Harris has good reason for leaning toward a run for governor, according to people who have spoken with her. She has watched with horror as institutions Democrats care about — universities, law firms and more — have caved under pressure. And she believes that as governor of the nation's most populous blue state, she would have a powerful platform from which to push back against President Donald Trump and his policies, and to defend Democratic priorities and values. 和賀錦麗談過的人稱，賀錦麗有充分理由傾向競選州長。她驚恐目睹民主黨在意的機構—大學、律師事務所及更多機構在壓力下屈服。而她認為，擔任全美人口最多的藍州州長，她將擁有強大平台反擊川普和他的政策，並捍衛民主黨的優先事項和價值觀。 Supreme Court Set to Consider Birthright Ban 終止出生公民權 美最高院將口頭辯論 文/Abbie VanSickle 譯/羅方妤 終止出生公民權 美最高院將口頭辯論 The Supreme Court on Thursday announced that it would hear arguments in a few weeks over President Donald Trump's executive order ending birthright citizenship. 聯邦最高法院周四宣布，將在數周內針對總統川普以行政命令終止出生公民權進行口頭辯論。 The brief order by the justices was unsigned and gave no reasoning, as is typical in such emergency cases. But the move is a sign that the justices consider the matter significant enough that they would immediately consider it, rather than letting it play out in lower courts. 該項由大法官發布的簡短命令未具署名，亦未附理由，這是處理緊急案件的常規。但此舉顯示，大法官認為該議題具有重大意義，值得即刻審理，而非任其於下級法院耗時進行。 The justices announced they would defer any consideration of the government's request to lift a nationwide pause on the policy until they heard oral arguments, which they set for May 15. 大法官並宣布，將延後對聯邦政府請求解除全國範圍內該政策暫停令之審查，直至5月15日舉行口頭辯論後再行考慮。 That means that the executive order, which would end birthright citizenship for the children of immigrants in the country without legal permission and foreign residents, will remain paused in every state while the court considers the case. 即，在最高法院裁決之前，該行政命令—旨在終止非法居留移民與外籍居民在美所生子女之出生公民權—將繼續於全美各州暫停實施。 In three emergency applications, the Trump administration asked the Supreme Court to find that lower courts had erred in imposing bans on the policy that extended beyond the parties involved in the litigation. It did not ask the court to weigh in on the constitutionality of the executive order, which was challenged soon after it was signed. 川普政府曾三度向最高法院提出緊急聲請，請求裁定下級法院在對該政策發布普遍性禁令時所為裁決為誤。惟政府並未要求最高法院針對該行政命令之合憲性作出裁定。該行政命令自簽署後即遭提起訴訟。 On Trump's first day in office, he issued the executive order ending birthright citizenship, the guarantee that a person born in the United States is automatically a citizen, for certain children. 川普於上任首日即簽署該行政命令，旨在終止對特定兒童之出生公民權保障—該保障意指凡在美國出生者，即自動取得國籍。 Birthright citizenship has long been considered a central tenet of the United States. The 14th Amendment, ratified after the Civil War, declares that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside." 出生公民權歷來被視為美國公民身分之核心原則。美國憲法第十四增修條文係於南北戰爭結束後通過，其條文明定：「任何人，凡在合眾國出生或歸化合眾國並受其管轄者，均為合眾國及所居住之州的公民。」 In 1898, the Supreme Court affirmed that right in a landmark case, United States v. Wong Kim Ark, guaranteeing automatic citizenship for nearly all children born in the country. Since then, courts have upheld that expansive interpretation. 1898年，美國最高法院在具里程碑意義之「美國訴黃金德案」中確認此項權利，保障幾乎所有出生於美國之兒童自動取得公民資格。自此以來，各級法院亦多遵循該擴張性解釋。 Some allies of Trump have argued that the 14th Amendment should never have been interpreted to give citizenship to everyone born in the country. Among them: John Eastman, a constitutional law scholar and former Supreme Court law clerk who was one of the architects of the scheme to create fake slates of pro-Trump electors in states that Joe Biden won in the 2020 election. 川普之若干盟友主張，第十四增修條文不應被解釋為賦予所有出生於美國者公民身分。主張者之一為約翰．伊斯曼，是憲法學者及最高法院前書記官，並曾參與設計2020年總統大選中，於拜登獲勝州偽造親川普的選舉人團名單的陰謀。

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